Page 89 - Shawl Weaving Artisan - TT

a Improving the appearance of the textile: Textile wet d Preparing the textile for further processing: Wet
processing is used to add color, patterns, and designs processing treatment is used to prepare textiles for
to textiles, which improves their overall appearance further processing such as dyeing, printing, and
and makes them more attractive to customers. finishing. Pre-treatment process like scouring and
desizing are essential to obtain pure fibers for further
b Enhancing the performance of the textile: Wet
processing can be used to add various properties to processing.
textiles such as wrinkle resistance, water repellency, e Environmental concerns: This process can have
and UV protection, which improves their performance negative impacts on the environment if not properly
and makes them more suitable for specific applications. managed, but with proper treatment of the wastewater
and use of eco-friendly chemicals, the impact can be
c Increasing the durability of the textile: This process minimized.
helps to increase strength, stability, and resistance to
textiles, which increases their durability and makes
them last longer.

Textile & Handloom Related Theory for Exercise 1.6.54
Shawl Weaving Artisan - Wet Processing

Bleaching process
Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to
• explain preparatory process of bleaching.

Bleaching process Types
The preparatory process of bleaching is a key step i Oxidative bleaching: Most common, uses agents
in textile processing that helps remove natural color, like sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), hydrogen
impurities, and residual matter from fibers (like cotton, peroxide (H O ).
2
2
wool, or silk) before dyeing or finishing. Here’s an outline ii Reductive bleaching: Used for protein fibers like
of the process:
wool and silk (e.g., sodium hydrosulfite).
Preparatory process of bleaching
4 Neutralization: Removes residual alkali or acid to
1 Desizing: Removes the size (starch or synthetic) avoid fabric damage.
applied during weaving. Method: Treated with a weak acid (e.g., acetic acid)
Method: Enzymatic or chemical treatment (e.g., if alkali was used.
amylase enzyme for starch).
5 Washing: Removes chemicals and breakdown
2 Scouring: Removes natural fats, waxes, pectins, and products.
other impurities.
Method: Hot and cold water washes, often with
Method: Boiling in an alkaline solution (commonly detergents.
NaOH). 6 Drying: Removes moisture to prepare fabric for
Outcome: Fabric becomes hydrophilic and better dyeing or finishing.
prepared for uniform bleaching.
Method: Dryers.
3 Bleaching: Destroys the natural color of the fiber to Bleaching can be carried out at various stages of
make it white or prepare for dyeing.
conversion of fibre to garment i.e. from fibre, yarn, hank,
woven, knit, towel, sewn up garments etc on various types
of machines by simple hand processing to sophisticated
bleaching ranges and by different application processes
from exhaust to continuous.

Textile & Handloom: Shawl Weaving Artisan : (NSQF - 2024) R.T. Ex.No 1.6.49-53 79